Energy reclamation means



Aug. 14, 1945. F. w. GAY

ENERGY RECLAMATI-ON MEANS 5 Shets-She'et 2 Filed March'7, 1944 SPRAY I? CIA C014 T/lVG-PUMP IN V EN TOR fiagez'kfqqy, BY

Aug.- 14, 194s.-

F. w. GAY

ENERGY RECLAMATION MEANS Filed ,March 7, 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 IN VEN TOR.

Aug. 14, 1945. R w. GAY

I ENERGY RECLAMATION MEANS Filed March 7. 1944 INVENTOR.

a erfIZ h ATTORNEY.

14, 1945. w. GAY ENERGY RECLAMATION MEANS s Sheets-Sheet; 5

Filed March 7, 1944 PatentedAua; 14 1945 diiebtehtaet with the wiste heat 'gas'es' in the es be i z l i gr a d pth a d he e P r 'p inu l be ed b ih Waste Teasefl w n iteveper 'p s q e l nsef tem e a ENEEGY-RECLAMATIONMEANS I I Fl es er lWl Giy, v Application a en-7, 1944, Seriel No. 525,427

This 'invehtibn relates the healt reclariitibh systei'r '1.1'.sefii1 in recovei ing theheeit; normally west'e'ti in ifii e gases, h'd espeeiallyes a-means ,ftir reclaiming heetfm the ekh'au'st gases 'of an engine iising steam, anti emplbyingihi ghly cem- 'p" i'e;ssed in (seiribution with fuel to: highly sliperheatfsegiqfsteam. v y f A In the present iniler'itibh, wam s heated by 'tei'hperetiu erenge (up to about 200" R) In 10 t tinge; hewa er'i b 1 11.1w ifl im e teet the waste gases Kts by spraying) "The partlylaeate'gi we tei is 'the'n' ee'riied confin dfin emi hpq igh'a vpower steani .turbineon its way to It is an Object fthelisresen t i'r i strum qoi er den meiit hi h p essu ,,r$it i n i l a y t ih e mea s ins a e. see. vei se 'flpw ette ietard,f teo' energy utili 150 Use Wa,ter as in wh h th ri in small step ii temper ture, "whereby the energy of the steam isfutilized fre "top temperature always; QlOiS e tb'f'the thi pe f a tflre at which Said ner'gy was extracted from said. above mentioned heat'iiergycdhteihmg'fluid. f It a further bject "of this invention to pass en energy trahsfer fliiikifin c'qunter flow relati'on to h'ea t eh '"g'y'cdritaIii-iihg fiuidsf't'o p'i ovide M quiphint adapted to change healtfe h 'gy taken frdi js'i -herg'y tra'iisfe fluid. into mechanical iibwf; and to increase thestiqeam of er ie'rgy trlh s fe i 'fiii'id threu'gh these t'eli iperag tiir'e iei'rj ges 6f sei'c i'efiei gy (:bhtaiiiihg fluid able a y swim lrn ge, grid; tpv previde means for allow,

'dto provide "short risers en th v rs rel ee eee' he ere iiculete; since the rising and cooling 'colum n o f mix d Weterelnd stea'in is lighter than the allin 1 and heating behimmwheifeby a great qua tity qf Water is "eirculatedthrou gh the wat er heatiiig boiler and the evaporators with a, minimum of meter "mu g, semi whereby, "in se neeeses, a restraining forgemust be used to mainteinthe desirejci rate of Water flo w Se as to deliver a maxi-. mum amount, of Water' at the desired high temperaturefl The inventiori' is c leai'ly il lustrated in them:- c b nyi fdraw n sin which;

1 i519? ei v e evational View ot 9) power he'use pa rtial lyjbrdkeri away to show the turbine room interior ,E '2 is a .g 'oundfipq plan of the central portion ofthe heat reelemetipn r00m-45 of Fig; 1, and is taken along the l ne 2-2 of Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is across sectiohal'yiew of the central portion of the heat reclamation 'room 45 of Fig. 1, and-is taker elong the 1i1 1e3- 3 ofFig. '2.

Fig. 4 is aj fragmeritarysectional view taken alongtheline q4 of liig. 2. s Fig' 5 is asehematic planyiewof the turbine 'room and cc'mdenser floor of the heat reclamation roo 45-bf1iig. 1.' v

.. Similar referei1ce numbers refer to similar I l 3 J In F1" 1 i the refferiCe Character I "indicates a g means th'rdiigh whitih; the water boiler room wall; the roof of which is shown broken away. The boiler comprises a lower drum I connecting to a back distributing section I and a front distributing section 9. Water tubes 8, 8, 8, etc. connect sections 9 and I0. The drum' I is mounted on the rear furnace wall I! and section 0 is mounted on the front furnace wall. I8. The furnace is equipped with firing door 4, ash. door 5 and grate bars 3. The mixture of steam and water is carried to the upper drum 8 where the steam is separated out, leaving the waterv level at I3. Water is carriedback to the rear distributing section by the tubes I 2. A superheater means draws steam from the dome I4 through the hot furnace or flue gases by pipe I6. Walls 26, 26 are restricted gases passing through compartments I04, I05 and I09, IIO are rapidly cooled and pass from compartment I I0 through fan intake ducts I40 to fan I35 (Fig. 3 and Fig. 5), being discharged through duct I31 into stack 46. From compartment I05 the gases therein pass through compressor suction pipe I39 through axial compressor I38 into pipe I3! and thence to stack 46.

Th hot exhaust gases from flues 5| and I5 pass down around the heat reclaiming tube sets I25 (see'Fig. 4) and thenceout into chambers I06 and IOI as shown by arrows at and b (see Fig. 2). These gases pass through bafiles I3I and I3! 'which preferably comprise horizontal louvres,

at the top of the boiler to the flue gas passageii carrying these flue gases to heat reclaiming building 45.

An air compressor I9, driven by motor 20, supplies compressed air to combustion chamber ZI wherein oil and other fuel is burned to further superheat the steam supplied by pipeIS; The highly heated gases pass through turbine 22 to the exhaust conduit I5, and thence to heat reclaiming building 45. Turbine 22 drives electric generator 23 which supplies part of its power to motor 20.

No claim is madeto novelty in the above arrangement, and for further description of a power house, similar to the one described above, reference is made to U. S. Patent No. 872,806 issued to S. Z. De Ferranti, dated December 3, 1907. Fig. l in this patent shows the combustion and mixing chamber 2| described above, and Fig. 4 shows two such combustion and mixing chambers C, C supplying highly superheated steam to a turbine S directly connected to a generator t.

The wall II9 completely surrounds the central portion of room 45, thus formin a gas cooling chamber. This cooling chamber is divided into two sealed compartments by the wall III, the evaporating boiler H3 and the wall I I2. Wall I I2 extends downwardly through the water which fllls these two compartments all the way to the bottom thereof, so that there is nocommunication between the two compartments in the exhaust side of evaporating boiler H3. The wall III, Fig. 2,

extends into the water filling the bottoms of the intake compartments, as, for instance, compartments IOI and I05, to points short of the bottoms thereof, so that water from compartment I06 can flow under wall III to compartment IM or vice versa, even though the water surfaces in these two compartments are subject to difierent surface pressures and in consequence have, diiferent surface elevations. Water from compartments IOI, I02, I03, I04, I05 and I06, I01, I08, I09 and H0 is sprayed into the gases above them so as to cool these gases. By way of illustration, a spray system for this purpose is shown for the compartments I09 and I04 (see Fig.2 and Fig. 3). Similar spray systems (not shown) are providedfor and I02. Water is drawnfrom the bottoms of the compartments by pump I33 and is. delivered by the pump to the top of compartments IDS-I04 by pip I32. which branches out into many spray heads I34: (Fig. 2 and Fig.3), from which emitted spray deluges the gases in the tops of said compartments. Clean cold water is pumped into compartments i I05 and H0, by suitable means (not shown), and flows over the weir boards H8 and I24 into compartments I04 and I09. The cold water rapidly heatsup in compartments I05 and I I0 so as to flow over into compartments I04, I09 raised F. to F. in temperature. The

adapted to keep the spray in chambers I06, I0! from splashing on to the tubes I25. Now it is well known that as water spray passes through hot gases, the gases are rapidly cooled and aprapidly raised in temperature to approach the dew point. The sensible heat in the gases above the dew point is used up in evaporatingwater. As thesaturated gases then pass on to cooler and cooler spray, the water vapor initially in these gases as steam, as well as that evaporated as in chambers IIlI and I06, condenses and gives up its heat to the Water until the gases'discharge up stack 46 at a temperature of about F. The discharged gases generally will contain less than ten per cent water vapor (by weight). Gases entering from the exhaust flue I5 vary in the order of over fifty per cent water vapor by weight. However very littl water is taken from the gases received from flue 5|, but much heat is salvaged as well as condensate obtained, since the sensible heat in these gases goes first into latent heat in vapor and then'into sensible heat in the water spray.

. Cold water is pumped into compartments I05 and I I0 and takes the levels L and L respectively as shown in Fig. 3, wherein wall I I2 is cut away to show the level in compartment I I0. The water flows ultimately into compartment I06 dropping in level only slightly on its way. The level L in compartments I05, and corresponding levels in I04, I03, I02 and IIII are higher than the level L in compartment H0, and corresponding levels in I09, I08, I01 and I06 since the first group of compartments are under a vacuum produced by the powerful axial air compressor. I38 (Fig. 5), while the second group of compartments are only under a vacuum generally less than one foot of Water due to induced draft fan I35 driven by motor I36.

Pump I4I--I4 2, driven by motor I43 (Fig. 3), drives hot water from compartments I 0| and I06 through header I2'I into pipe I25 and through pipe I28 to chamber I48 wherein reduced pressure allows the hot water to give off steam which fills said chamber. The steam pressurein chamber I48 is maintained at 50 P. S. I. by a pressure regulator (not shown) suitably located in pipe 60,

so as to maintain the water level in this chamber at the level I49. The still hot water, after having left some of its heat in the steam formed in chamber I48, passes into riser I50. In this riser, as the water rises vertically and falls in pressure, steam is formed and its evaporation cools the rising water. The steam bubbles in the water column I50, lightens this column and circulation is rapid into chamber I80, wherein the water level is maintained at about the level I6l, or about 33 lbs. absoluteby a pressure regulator (not shown) suitably located in pipe. 6|. Rate of circulation is retarded as needed by operating butterfly valve I83 by cord I85, arranged to pass of pipe I41.

1 Pipe" I2 51 (see Fig. 4), Where *it receivesheat from the {hldt tu'lfbine gas; from flue 151' serv r the water leaving-"chamber I60 news r IserI- B Z. Steamybubbles' "form "in this water and; hurry its circulation, "The e steam" bubbles sepa'rate out in chamber IE3 at 22- P." S. I.,and the pressure is maintainedat 22 P. S;'I. by a pressure regulator (not shown) suitably located in pire 5'2 ai1d at1evel I 64. The still hot water leaves number I63 by way *o f ris'er I 6-5 "wherein steam bubbles -form again 1 and aid in the circulation.

, This water from riser I65 is-re'ceived andspreads out slowly through-chamber I66, where steam again separates out therefrom at 14 P. S. I., which pressure is maintained by a pressure regulator (not shown) suitably located in pipe 63 at level I61. The hot water entering riser I68 is joined by a larger stream of hot water entering by way The rate of flow of water through pipe I41 is controlled by turbine wheel I44 driven by variable speed motor I46 through shaft I45.

A relatively very great volume. of water passes up riser I68 and forms steambu-bbles; the steam in chamber I69 being at a pressure of about 6 P. S. I. absolute. The pressure is controlled by pressure regulator (not shown) suitably located in pipes 64, -64'to control water level I16. A large part of the water which has now cooled downto about 110F. leaves by pipe 4, is returned to chamber I04, passes quickly through chambers I03, I02, IM and is reheated to about 200 F. and reenters pipe I21 for another cycle. Some water passes up to the 3 P; S. I. chamber I12 and gives up steam at 3 P. S. I. absolute to the condenser I8I (Figs. 3 and 5). from power condenser I82 to distilled water condenser I8I and the coolant water'from condenser I82 condenses steam in condenser I8I. The water leaves evaporating chamber I12 by pipe I20. and is suitably discharged as waste. The temperature of water leaving by pipe I is about 140 F. This water when it entered thepipe I28 to rise into chamber I46 had its temperature controlled to about300 F. so that it gave up about 160 B. t. u.

per pound in passing through the evaporators I in the'form of steam. About B. t. u'. per pound is available for useful work when delivered to a turbine or other steam operated mechanism. It is 'tobe understood that the heat reclaiming del vice accomplishes other useful functions.

1.- It reclaims otherwise wasted heat 2. It produces distilled water.

3. Itpurges fly ash and acids from the gases. 4. It cools the gasesso a smaller fan may exhaust them using less horsepower, and a smaller,

partments I60, I63 and I66 is delivered by pipes "6|, 62 and 63 to turbine I81 (Figs. 3 and 5) at pressures of about 33 P. S. I., 22 P. I. and 14 P. S. I. respectively. I I I Low'pressure' steam enters the bottom of turbine I89 towork through the double flow vacuum stages thereof in consort with steam from turbine I81, which enters at the top of turbine I89. Turlbines I88, I81 and I89 all connect to axial blower I88. 'Since' the steam inturbine I88is contami- Coolant water circulates.

'r'ia'ter'l withburned wear and oil, fitiii's' ex austed claimed. W

. manychanges couid bei'na deih the above construction and many widely different embodin'rnts df this i'rivention' could be 'iiia'cl e'with 'dut departing from the scape-"there's, is in nee summercontained m'me have Heho a intli'e a'cc'ompanyin'g} draw r interpreted as i-lllistrati" and iiicit in j im mgsense. I

whaus-cm meu is: j j 1; ma power re'claliining systemn eaas- 'r'ect new of fa stieam 'ofhighly heated. waste gases "contai'riifi'g' heait desired to be reclaime means to direct new r "a streamer water'in 'ctu hternow relation to said stream of gases, sai'd latter means imludings raying ir'l'eans' adapted-to promote transfer of heat from the gases to the water in .a low temperature range of heat transfer, heat transfer means extending to great depth underground adapted to receive the water stream and to'carry the same at high head in juxtaposition to said gases in the high temperature range of heat transfer, whereby all the transferred heat received by the water is carried thereby as sensible heat, and heat reclaiming means through which the water from said heat transfer means is caused to rise,said reclaiming means being adapted to progressively extract the heat from the rising water in the form of steam and subject to to use at a temperature very little below the extraction temperature in thewaste gas stream. 2. In a power heat reclaiming system, means to direct flow 0f,a stream of highly heated waste gases containing heatdesired to be reclaimed, means to direct flow of a streamof water in counterfiow relation to said stream of gases whereby heat from the gases is transferred to the water, a plurality of vertically disposed and successively communicating evaporator chambers through which the heated water stream is caused to rise in successive stages of diminishing pressure and temperature and release its heat in means to return at least part of the cooled water stream for recirculation in heat transfer relation to the stream of hot gases.

3. In a power heat reclaiming system, means to direct flow of a stream'of highly heated waste gases containing heat desired to be reclaimed, a system of pipes bathed by said stream of gases, said pipes being adapted to circulate water in counterflow relation to said stream of gases subject to transfer thereto of heat from said gases, said pipes extending underground to relatively great depth whereby the water is subjected to hydrostatic pressure exceeding the vapor ,pressure thereof, and a plurality of vertically disposed and successively communicating evaporating chambers through which heated Water from the pipe system is caused to rise and release its heatin the form of steam for power application. 4. In a power heat reclaiming system, water supply means substantially at ground surface, a water conduit system to receive water from said supply means, said water conduit system extending underground to great depth, means to supply waste heat for transfer to water descending said conduit system, and a succession of evaporating chambers extending from the low'point of said conduit system upwardly to ground surface through whichheated water ascends upon discharge from said conduit system for return to said water supply means, whereby the water asthe form of steam for power application, and

cending through. said evaporator, chambers 11eleases itsheat in the form'of steam for power application. v;-:.

5. In a. power cheat reclaiming system, water supply means substantially at ground surface, a water conduit system to receive waterfromsaid supply means, said water conduit systemextendingunderground to great depth, means tosupply waste heat'for transfer to waterdescending said conduit system, a succession of evaporating chambers extending from the low point of "said conduit system upwardly to ground surface through which heated water ascends upon discharge from said-conduit system for return to said Water supply means, whereby'the water ascending through said evaporator chambers releases its heat in the form of steam for power application, and means to maintain'pressure ineach said evaporating ascending hot water under conditions whereby it releases its heat in the form of steam, subject for use as power developing energy while at the same time promoting circulation of the water in the circuit thereof. r I

' FRAZER W. GAY. 

